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Metaphor Name
and alternate terms
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Principals/Direction
Epistemology, explanation, overall concept,
principles, direction, why something is evaluated as good or bad. Why are we doing this? Why this choice? Why is the problem formulated in this way? What are the reasons or purposes, the
identity and values? Why this
context, orientation, or general approach?
Strategies/Management
Function arising from general knowledge of How
things work, how to work them.
Applying or reflecting scripts, norms, rules, policies and
strategies. Design. Patterns that enable or constrain.
Performance
Carrying something out, doing it, the what,
which, who, where and when in discrete instances and ordered sequences. Procedures, methods, execution.
No Layer Classification
Metaphor
element(s) in isolation; uncategorized.
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Gardening Metaphor Þ
|
Entailments include
To grow
thriving, flowering, fruitful (not drooping) plants in a garden by applying
knowledge of plants and soils now to produce beauty and abundance in future.
Preparing the ground, Planting seeds,
Caring,
Weeding,
Fertilizing,
Watering,
Pruning,
Thinning,
Seasonal dormancy, Sprouting back,
Attend to regularly, Develop
over time,
Dig, make space underneath and on surface,
soften,
Place seeds in certain pattern, add water, fertilizer,
Preparing the ground, [go
under]
Planting seeds,
[creation]
Caring, [touch, give to…]
Weeding, [remove obstacles, deflect
outside forces]
Fertilizing, [give essentials, stimulate]
Watering, [cool,
refresh, give essentials]
Pruning, [handling, shaping]
Thinning, [sort pieces,
remove obstacles]
Seasonal dormancy, [travel thru time, oscillation]
Sprouting back [get up
after sleep]
Thriving, flowering, fruitful vs. drooping [standing up, visible, full vs.
lying down, empty]
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Sports or Contest Metaphor Þ
|
Entailments include
To win
the game; play skillfully, honorably:
Playing by an agreed set of known rules.
Keep feet in bounds, line up…
Deviations from the rules are “fouls”.
Penalties (not punishments) keep parity.
Each team given fair chance,
Players play fairly, take turns.
Respond to moves of other side,
Gain control of ball, territory,
Hand ball to other side after failing to
score,
Fake one way, go the other,
Get around, through, over opposing player,
Each game separate with start and end.
Special relationships within game.
Logic, strategies & sequences.
Players showing greatest skills are honored.
Teams that coordinate are better.
Records kept, scores tallied.
Aggression ritualized, channeled.
Win / lose / draw.
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Criminal Justice Metaphor Þ
|
Entailments include
To place
blame or responsibility for an event
and determine an appropriate
response by:
Describing the event, Identifying suspect(s),
Establishing the possibility that suspect(s)
responsible,
Following accepted procedures, Developing a case,
Collecting,
analyzing evidence,
Making logical arguments that account for
facts,
Destroying defenses or alternate explanations,
Convincing impartial persons,
Choosing appropriate response to the event.
Found guilty & punished vs. innocent
& set free.
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War Metaphor Þ
|
Entailments include
Respond
to Threat, Gain territory and control:
Fundamental interests threatened by evil-doer,
Their ways totally incompatible with our ways,
Peril increases with time, They are
merciless,
Complete victory, no compromise, no negotiating,
Total mobilization and commitment, Highest priority,
Act as one, suppress internal dissent,
Raise morale and fighting spirit,
Define us and them as mutually exclusive,
Assume they will hurt you,
Don’t negotiate or reason with them,
Insist on submission to non-negotiable demands,
Use force if demands not met,
Targeting any and all aspects of enemy,
Siding with enemies of enemy,
Transforming as necessary, Ends justify means,
Being ruthless, Forgetting fairness,
Doing whatever needs to be done,
Destroying enemy’s means to fight,
Laying siege, Taking prisoners,
Demoralizing, Retreating, Surrendering,
Capturing, Liberating, Fortifying, Destroying,
Battles won, Battles lost, War as a series of battles,
Take any risk, sacrifice money, family, home, life.
Hit any part of enemy you see,
Act now, act soon, act fast,
Hide, Act in dark, at night, when least expected,
Moving in opposing directions,
Survey, inspect before attack,
Pick time and place to act,
Searching, Intercepting, Surrounding, Attacking,
Retaliating, Defending, Retreating, Shooting,
Bring out the dead and wounded,
(Avoid) exposing self as target,
Digging in, Exploding, Occupying territory,
Cutting supply lines, Taking what enemy has,
Win vs. truce vs. lose.
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Common Journey Metaphor Þ
|
Entailments include
Voyage
or passage made by:
Steps towards a destination,
Planning, Preparing, Supplying,
Leaving home, Eventually returning,
Learning new customs (obliged to learn new
customs),
Various modes of transportation (must switch modes),
Detours, Delays, Alternate routes,
Forks in the road, Evaluating choices,
Keeping on track,
Cooperation in coping with problems,
Overcoming obstacles,
Success of one = success of all
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Japanese Household “ie” Þ
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Entailments include:
To
ensure continuity, succession:
No beginning or end.
Relationships merged with household.
Seek acceptance and dependency.
Perpetual obligations, involvement.
Sacrifice for the greater whole.
Harmony (over abilities or skills).
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Chemistry Metaphor Þ
|
Entailments include:
Change
produced through:
Mixing things together,
Introducing heat, electricity, new elements,
Precipitating factors,
Chemical reactions, Corrosion,
Dissolving dense, hard elements,
Introducing a catalyst,
Preparing solutions.
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Genetics Metaphor Þ
|
Entailments include:
Building blocks of human being:
Come from birth,
Predetermined, can’t be changed,
Evolved from being more fit, dominant,
Genes survive beyond death of individual,
Imprinted at the most basic, cellular level,
The heart of the matter,
Nature over nurture,
Prevail over learning, experience, free will,
Continuity & improvement vs. extinction.
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Building Construction Metaphor Þ
|
Entailments include:
To put
together something solid:
Build on firm ground,
Construct stable foundations,
Make sure it is well structured,
It lasts vs. it crumbles.
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Gambling Metaphor
Þ
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Entailments include:
Gaining
something valuable by:
Knowing the odds, How high are the stakes?
Having a strong hand, Keep track of cards played,
Knowing what cards to play next,
Taking chances, Bluffing,
Making good bets, Not tipping your hand,
Having something up your sleeve,
Come out on top vs. bottom, winner vs. loser.
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American Football
Þ
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Entailments include:
Possession of the ball; Stop between plays;
Different points for different types of goals,
High degree of coordination between many players;
Violence/damage to opponents allowed/tolerated, hitting hard, immense size
and brute strength are integrated into resolute team struggle to win;
Coordinated, sophisticated application of differentiated, focused technology;
Very specialized, compartmentalized positions and complex, precise maneuvers;
Success from brutally hard work, intense training, repetitive practice,
self-sacrifice, and endurance of pain; Talent important but will to win
essential;
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Commercial Transaction
Þ
Market behavior, trading
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Buying, Selling, Fair exchange;
Buy low, sell higher in short time;
Goods pass through hands, profit from each pass;
Knowing many ways to make a deal;
Trust, contracts, hand-shakes, other mechanisms to assure parties satisfy
conditions of sale;
Motivated by selfish desire for gain;
Seller sets price according to cost and what he thinks it is worth to buyer;
Buyer offers price according to need, desire, or ability to sell at yet
higher price;
Subject to market pressures of supply and demand; Making a
profit, Not getting gypped, Getting good value, Fill need, Unload inventory,
Corner the market, Don’t leave money on the table, Package deals, Sweetener,
safes, warehouses.
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Hunting and Gathering Þ
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Daily attempts, Bring back what find, Migrate with
seasons, herds, Never know how you will do;
New chance each day.
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Subsistence Farming Þ
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Grow only sure thing; Limited resources, dependent on
natural condition of land, weather.
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Paying with Multiple Currencies Þ
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Each currency has different value relative to other,
Difficult to evaluate offers, Must do rapid calculations each day, Need gold
standard.
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Scorekeeper Þ
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Count occurrences to track who is ahead;
Keep statistics, Compare with existing records, Many ways to achieve, Not
just win or lose.
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Tax Preparer Þ
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Collect all the data, Follow up, Organize, Calculate per
formulas, Use loopholes, Stay within legal limits.
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Exile Þ
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Considered a danger and to be separated forcibly,
Pariah, not part of community with shared interests,
Having distinctly different, dangerous interests,
Banishment, done something unacceptable,
Ganged up against, picked on, unfairly blamed,
Apartheid, denied rights for race, ethnic origin,
Deportation, found not to belong, sent back home,
Outcast, cast out, sent away, abandoned,
Expelled, for some offense, conditions for return,
Ostracized, identified as undesirable,
Refugee, upheaval pushes into another land.
Free to pursue own interests, learn, adapt in exile.
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Outsider Þ
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Considered not to share goals, interests, customs,
Stranger, Interloper, Not in “in” group, Misfit, Low position, Alienated, in
conflict, out of tune, estranged, Profiled, Drifter, Runaway, Black sheep,
Feuding, Different clan,
Not required to fit in, say just what you think,
Point of view from more distant vantage point,
Free to develop in different ways, do as you please.
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Dragon Slayer
Þ
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Battling monsters, face demonic powers;
Overcoming mighty being with bravery, cleverness, luck, special powers;
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Good vs. Evil Þ
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Light vs. dark, titanic battle of divine, irrepressible
powers;
Angel vs. devil, Warrior/hero vs. lord of darkness;
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Dreams
Þ
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Visions, reverie;
Wish fulfillment;
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Forged in Crucible Þ
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Forced to shape, Hardened, effects of high heat;
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Redemption
Þ
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Forgiven, put back in essential form, reconciliation
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Beauty and the Beast Þ
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developmental, directional transformation
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Destruction Þ
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Total transformation, de-structuring, chaos,
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Courage
Þ
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Inner strength, Perseverance, Fidelity
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Talisman Þ
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Protection, power object, magic weapon, instrument, keep
control of, destroy
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Enigma
Þ
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Unpredictability, mystery, wonder
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Spell, under
Þ
cast a spell, place a curse, work an enchantment, be
cursed, under an enchantment
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Unexplained, magical, involuntary, yet profound;
Non-local influence;
Can counter only through similar magic;
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Chicken and Egg Þ
Dancer and dance
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Which comes first?
Part of a process;
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Frozen on High Dive
Þ
Afraid to jump
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To move forward one must take very large step;
Fear despite assurances of safety;
Frozen by appearance of danger;
Cling to safe perch;
Unwilling to abandon self to unknown;
Body afraid although mind believes it’s okay;
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Cleaning Out Garage
Þ
|
Getting rid of junk, mess; Putting things in order;
Deciding what is useful, worth keeping;
Dirty job; Tend to put it off;
Making space; Making things easier to find;
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Carrying Heavy Load
Þ
carrying baggage, weighted down
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Get tired fast; Difficult to keep going;
Reduces freedom of movement, speed;
Do it only if absolutely necessary;
Discard anything non-essential;
Shorten journey if possible; Transfer to others;
Find ways to reduce pressure, fatigue;
Find best posture, balance, load distribution;
Use straps, carrying aids, pads, slings;
Use trolley, cart, animal, truck;
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Hike Over Rough Terrain
Þ
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Every step different; Stretch, strain, exert;
Must keep mind on movement;
Dangerous to get distracted;
Place feet carefully; use hands when necessary;
Not straight course, yet focused on destination;
Exhilarating; Only way to get to important places;
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Slippery Spot Þ
Slippery
Patch
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Very different from ordinary path;
May not seem to be any warning;
Continuing normally can cause loss of traction, equilibrium, throw one off
course, out of control;
Abnormal sideways motion, slide, turn, spin;
Can cause accident, crash, damage, injury;
Requires rapid, radical responses to cope;
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Using a Map Þ
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Graphical representation of what is known, seen,
understood, literal, denotative, transparent, objective, truthful, real (as
distinct from mirage or illusion, which is unknown, figurative, subjective, false);
Map is a tool for experiencing the territory;
Relies on vision; What you know is what you see;
Is always a distortion;
Shows position of locations;
Shows how to get from one location to another;
Need to find where you are now first;
Shows relative sizes of entities;
Selected features indicated;
Following it is similar to navigating the territory;
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Theatrical Role
Þ
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The role is not you; You select or are given role;
Must learn part, rehearse, be directed;
Other players take other roles;
You’re in the role or out of it at different times, places;
Can play more than one role;
Scripts, circumstances, expectations define the role;
You can modify, enhance role only a little;
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Benefactor-Beneficiary Þ
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Someone has resources to give, seen as generous;
Recipient has little to say, expected to be grateful;
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Tailoring Clothes
Þ
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Not one size fits all; Not off the rack;
Not mass produced;
Made to fit your particular shape and complement your particular features and
qualities;
To enhance your form and appearance;
Your needs are paramount;
Careful measurements taken; Materials selected;
Fittings, modifications, final stitching;
Requires well developed skill and craft;
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Saving for Tomorrow Þ
Saving for a rainy day, waste not want not
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Postponing gratification;
Putting aside part of what you have;
Anticipating future need;
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Investing Þ
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Putting something of yours that is valuable in a place
where it may grow and give more back;
You do not get to use it now;
Develop expectation for getting more later;
May increase hunger for results;
Growth may compound and get larger than expected;
Risk of loss; You may be able to influence risk;
Lose opportunity to invest in something else;
Principal and interest;
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Knots, untying
Þ
Tangles
|
Difficult to follow twists and turns; Seems illogical;
What part connected to what?
Pull on it and it becomes harder to untie;
Loosening one part may tighten another;
Some parts may slip free if pulled;
Can’t push; Shaking sometimes helps;
May require concentration and patience;
Practice and experience helps, but no guarantee;
Every tangle can be different;
Tempting to cut out knot;
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Making a Fire
Þ
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Need fuel, air, and heat in right configuration;
Tiny spark or flame ignites light fuel,
Lighter fuel burns quickly and ignites heavier;
Heavier material produces more heat for longer;
Fires are built with lighter fuel below to take advantage of climbing and
spreading of flames;
Poking fire in right way can help;
Too much poking will put fire out;
Once started the fire can be made bigger by adding more fuel, smaller by
reducing air;
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Making Waves
Þ
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Disturb tranquility; Pushing things around;
Possible constructive efforts attract negative attention; Turbulence, not
interference;
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Medicine
Þ
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Small amount of special substance applied in certain way
that corrects a problem;
Alters course of an unfavorable process;
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Nourishment Þ
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Taken in and transformed over time to produce growth;
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Pipeline Þ
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Transports from one place to another;
First in, first out; Put in one end comes out other;
Takes time to pass through;
Doesn’t change contents;
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Protecting the Defenseless Þ
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Protect from predators; Takes priority;
Assure survival of tender, vulnerable, young;
Rallying cry; Cost not an issue; Do as necessary;
Essential to cycle of life and society’s survival;
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Raft or Barge Þ
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Disturbs water as it moves; Not pretty;
Shaped to maximize capacity, not speed;
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Rain, Coming in
Þ
|
Problems above; Repairs needed;
Damages, ruins what’s inside if not stopped soon;
Get out from under; Can’t fix from inside;
Makes things cold and damp;
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Unconscious, Subconscious
Þ
|
May control almost everything;
Can’t be seen or fully understood;
Down, inside, dark, at depth, not on surface;
Things pass from there into consciousness without warning;
Understood through signs, symbols, flashes, dreams;
Richer, mysterious, innate capacity;
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Rowing Þ
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Make vessel move through the medium;
Transfer strength of arms and back into movement;
Get leverage by facing backwards;
Using oar as lever;
Several people can do in a line; Needs coordination;
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Sailing Þ
tacking
|
Using the wind for power; Set/plot your course;
Must know which way wind is blowing;
Angle into the wind to use wind in one direction to actually go in another
direction;
Going with the wind, same direction as wind;
Coming about to zig-zag towards destination;
Set sail depending on strength of wind;
Trim the sails for maximum efficiency;
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Sitting
Þ
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Resting; Stationary; Still; Hips, legs unimportant;
Ready to do other things;
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Skiing
Þ
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Controlled sliding; Thrilling;
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Sleeping
Þ
|
Slipping into unconscious;
Recuperate, regenerate, maintain;
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Slipping Thru Crowd Þ
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Pass through, pass by without contact;
Unnoticed, unfelt, no sharp edges or snags;
Take advantage of mass confusion, distraction;
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Snow, Clearing Þ
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Spoons
Þ
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Contours fit together comfortingly;
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German Symphony
Þ
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Very old, elaborate, idealized, traditional form;
Several interconnected movements or parts;
Everything in own place, corresponding to function;
Blends large number of very different voices into beautiful, harmonious,
wide-ranging expressions;
Depends upon carefully constructed linear score;
Individuals must be highly talented, well trained;
Doing prescribed part in large group, seldom solo;
Innovation, response to changing tastes requires coordinated adjustments at
multiple levels over time;
Each person strives for very best, always improved;
Everyone has stake in successful performance;
Practice, precision, synchronization are critical;
Careful control improves resulting quality;
Leadership earned through competence, talent;
Requires great resources, rehearsals to perfect;
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Hiking a Trail
Þ
|
May be easy or hard, safe or dangerous;
May require special attire;
Only way to get to some places;
Can get off trail, find forks in trail, obstacles;
Trail has boundaries, drop-offs;
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British House
Þ
|
Based on well-tested design, historically successful;
Durable, long-lived; Highly desirable;
Solidly built by qualified craftsmen;
Built on firm foundation;
Keeps out bad weather;
Predictable, traditional plan and features;
No surprises; Change is slow, evolutionary;
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Insurance Policy
Þ
|
Forfeit something valuable to protect against loss;
”Just in case”, hedge bets, protection from unlikely, unpredictable events;
Pay premiums to keep policy in force;
Balance and pool risks; Get coverage;
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Irish Conversation
Þ
|
Highly individualistic; Often religion-focused;
Intense; Must give reasons; Ironic wit;
Certain ritual questions require response covering particular points;
Agile combination of facts and principles;
Strongly felt opinions; Dearly held values;
Proves worth as a person;
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Japanese Garden
Þ
|
Water and wetness; Combination of essential elements –
water, stones, plants;
Garden objects chosen that best exemplify intrinsic characteristics; Spaced
to create harmony;
Designed to look natural, artless, not according to some aesthetic values;
Beauty remains despite passage of time, seasons;
Spend time there meditating on quiet, natural events;
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Warrior Þ
|
To overcome adversity, oppression;
Trained, skilled, fierce, brave, fights to win;
Fights for benefit of group, principals, values;
Honorable, masterful, proud, self-disciplined;
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Thorn Bush
Þ
|
Can get only so close;
Reaching in will result in scratches or worse;
Good hiding place;
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Toilet Þ
Flushed down the toilet; Going down the tubes
|
Waste; Flushed away without sensitivity;
All washed down the drain together;
Disappears; Gone for ever; Finished;
Goes quickly, falls away, sucked down;
Unpleasant passage towards decomposition;
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Train Travel Þ
|
Go where tracks go; Go in a line; No need to steer;
Everyone at same speed; Powered by locomotive;
Less friction as you glide along tracks;
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Travel Þ
|
To get from one place or location to another;
Change of scenery; Different environment;
Life may be different when you get there;
You may need to be different
Can carefully plan, or just wander;
Pack and bring personal items & other resources;
Mover over a surface or through a space;
Obstacles, delays, detours, the unexpected;
Places in between; Final location is destination;
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Teamwork Þ
|
Get something done as a group;
Division of labor; Cooperation;
Parts of job given to different people;
Many hands make lighter work;
Leadership, followership; the good of the group;
Pulling in the same direction; Conform to task;
Participation, inclusion; one for all, all for one;
If you’re not helping you’re off the team;
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Walking a Dog
Þ
|
Caring for dog in urban environment where dog can’t care
for self; Using out of doors as toilet for dog;
Two animals with very different needs tied together, each must go where other
wants;
One has more control than the other;
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Weather Þ
|
Determines surrounding environment;
Influences bodily comfort, mood, travel, crops, etc.
Temperature, moisture, wind, clouds;
Changes fast or slowly, changes with seasons;
Blows in from somewhere else;
Can be gentle or brutal;
Understood as a system in motion;
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French Wine Þ
|
Thousands of varieties, each with own personality;
A process of transformation that occurs naturally;
Perfected over thousands of years in many parts of world, largely in France;
Subtleties of plant biology, soil chemistry, weather, fermentation, aging,
etc. combined with diverse human skills, approaches and organization;
Wine for the elite, beer or watered-down wine for the poor; A global business;
Thought to be mystical, dangerous, nourishing, healing;
Purity assured by grape type, location, proper conditions, precise harvest
and processing;
Quality officially classified by approved standards;
Composed of multiplicity of inconsistent ingredients and qualities, artfully
recombined each year;
Suitability for certain occasions and food is a matter of custom and careful
judgment;
Maturation, first of the vine, then the wine, proceeds slowly according to
certain well understood principles and stages;
Product of ingenuity, discipline, resourcefulness, adaptation to changing
conditions, and resolve to enhance human relationships and joi de vivre.
|
|
Poacher Þ
Hacker, Spy, Secret Agent, Burglar
|
Works under cover; Has dual life;
Needs what is forbidden; Attracted by challenge;
Works in other people’s territory;
Knows all about the desired prizes;
Knows all the entries and escapes;
Uses minimum force; Leaves no trail;
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Gamekeeper Þ
|
Managing wildness, reducing risk through careful
observation and maintaining proper conditions;
Protecting forbidden fruit from outlaws who not only want it, but also are
attracted by the challenge;
Lives where s/he works;
What the game keeper manages must be allowed to thrive and be readily
available to those authorized;
Maintaining habitat; Conservation of ecosystem;
Organizing shoots; Care for hunt dogs and guns;
Controlling pests, predators and disease;
Constructing fencing, pens, shelters;
Keep up proper conditions for breeding – mating, fertilization, hatching,
succoring, rearing, releasing;
|
Guessing From Clues Þ
Guessing
game, connecting the dots, seeing the outline, paint daubs forming textured,
impressionist picture, interpreting ink blot, logical induction, putting
together pieces of jigsaw puzzle
|
[Entailments can be divided according to sensory modality]
Understand the form or gestalt from seeing a few parts; Pattern emerges, form
becomes recognizable, putting the pieces together, pattern recognition,
forming an impression;
|
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|
Can’t see what you are doing;
Using touch and kinesthetic sensations;
Trial and error; Moving slowly along;
Following path, contours, locations with hands;
Can’t easily get big picture;
Not know next step until you finish this one;
|
|
|
Learn something unexpected;
Could not see that you would profit;
Learning one thing while doing something else;
Learning useful things you wouldn’t initially have chosen; Learning patterns
applicable in entirely different setting; Learn things you don’t know you are
learning;
|
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Direct, instantaneous connection;
One-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-one;
Force or power conducted from one point to other known point(s);
Flip switch, touch button and known action occurs;
Wires cause things to work in certain way;
Not easily altered;
|
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|
Transformation of electrical impulses;
Complex outputs from simpler inputs;
Circuits can be designed for variety of purposes;
|
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|
Runs on its own; Does same thing repeatedly;
Source of power, force, makes things go;
Put in fuel, get performance until fuel runs out;
|
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|
Numerous tasks orchestrated over time in certain place, to
grow food from plants and animals;
Need knowledge of plants, animals, soil, seed, fertilizer, harvesting,
processing, selling;
Work outside; Live at or near farm;
Cooperation of farmers;
Makes availability of food more predictable;
Subject to weather, pests, markets;
A lot of investment up front for results months later;
|
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|
Can’t see what doing; Reaching out of view;
Identify objects by feel, sort with hands;
Easy to lose track; Taste of being blind;
|
|
|
Special equipment; Ways to attract fish;
Will fish bite? Patience and skill;
Attention to certain signs;
Solitude, peace;
|
|
|
For long term storage;
To make inanimate but not kill;
To solidify and keep in current state for later use;
Contents can be removed and thawed;
|
|
|
Take your choice from many options;
Pick what appeals; Serve yourself;
|
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|
Signal there is life, aid, hope;
Can see your way with it; Use it to see other things;
Marks a place to turn to;
|
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|
Slip through water more easily than boat;
Easy to tip, attention to balance, not stand up;
Paddle to go forward, twist to turn, stop;
|
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|
Move in coordinated, symmetrical way;
Can be dramatic, complicated, simple, plain;
Someone leads, other(s) follow;
Done in designated, prepared space;
Avoid stepping on feet (but sometimes inevitable);
Each move requires corresponding response;
Rhythmic, done to music, drumming;
Moves on inexorably according to pattern;
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Alone or with others, at designated place, sitting;
Choose food or eat what’s served;
Prepared for in advance;
Can be several courses in known order;
Planned, balanced;
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Transformation of electrical impulses according to long,
logical set of instructions;
Internal logic or set of instructions can be changed or programmed;
Can handle information only in prescribed form;
Input, fast memory, slower large memory, application of program, processing,
output;
Speedy, comprehensive, but not imaginative;
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Need ingredients, heat, container;
Combining, mixing, to increase appeal, make digestible, remove poisons…
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Look for spark; Attract attention; Please the other;
Show best side; Defer to other;
Not take for granted; Go out of way;
Stimulate interest in other;
Show interest, surprise, pleasure;
Understanding without words;
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Top drawer is most accessible, easy to see into;
Contains best, classy, most important contents;
Bottom drawer has discards, forgotten contents;
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Better when hungry, when food appealing, when at rest, but
can eat anytime or place;
Put food in mouth, chew, swallow, rest is automatic;
Eat in company, eat to celebrate, eat to feel better, eat to please someone
else, eat to energize, eat to gain weight…
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Being suddenly or unexpectedly lost;
Find self in danger;
Find self in unsettling circumstances;
Target of disrespect, threat, aggression, humiliation;
Squeezed, stung, dislodged, pushed down, out;
Feel horrified, frightened, sick, angry by what you see;
Disorientation; Struggle to reorient;
Fight/Flight response;
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Pageantry, splendor; Multiple textures;
Music, sound mean as much or more than words;
Trained voices; Impact on emotions;
Tone, quality of voice express character;
When one talks, one sings;
Thoughts and emotions must be expressed;
Soloists have changing relationship with chorus;
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Must be one or the other;
Either with us or against us; the Dark vs. the Light;
If not one thing (black) must be the other (white);
No middle ground, no gray area;
Simplistic categorization;
Either of the spirit or of the material world;
Clear choice; Avoid endless deliberation;
Lack of depth, nuance or subtlety in understanding;
Unable to make fine distinctions that may be useful in guiding effective
action;
Global solutions to wide range of problems;
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Move towards safety, avoid dangerous place;
Strong aversive motivation;
Remedial action needed; Can be crisis;
Identify things associated with danger and avoid;
State of agitation, discomfort associated with;
Very high priority over other responses, activities;
Small probability of danger = big risk;
Get away, look away, avoid, stay away, deplore;
Accept strict rules, restrictions, lose freedom;
Identify other things deemed safe;
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Determining greatest overall satisfaction;
To be happy with choice over time and changing circumstances; Formalization
of issues;
Carefully considering many factors;
Literacy required, write down all the points;
Combining all relevant factors into single judgment;
Enforced consideration of factors in combination;
Can manipulate issues & factors in mind (prioritize, order, add up,
substitute, trade, balance, exchange, gauge, compare, etc.)
Going beyond “gut” response, into depth;
Stepping back, assessing from long-term view;
All the reasons one might like or dislike something;
Long list of all pros and cons;
(Versus orality, interplay of emotions, unformulated)
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Absence of something; Dissatisfaction; Darkness;
Anxious, melancholy, not pleasant;
Sense of meaninglessness, unimportance of things;
Generates concern, may stimulate thought;
Moves one towards developing meaning;
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Generates direction; Increases capacity, resources;
Moving towards outcome;
Improvement, progress, expansion, growth;
Increased useful complexity;
Greater adaptability;
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Comfort, tend toward less or no activity; Relaxation;
Well being, protection, security;
May then begin to feel Angst.
Sometimes leads to Development.
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Sensation in the body; Somatic, emotional impulse;
Non-verbal, non-intellectual response;
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State of minor or major deprivation;
A lack of something that should be there;
Motivates action, fulfillment;
What is required so that something else can happen;
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Seen from outside; Third person view;
Can be agreed about; Public;
Not dependent on individual for verification;
Independent of individual thought;
Having a reality outside of oneself;
Perceptible to others besides affected individual;
Shaped especially by what we know of the world;
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Seen from inside; First person view;
Private; No agreement;
As perceived, not independent of one’s mind;
Related to or arising from personal states of mind, emotion, brain, sense
organs;
May lack reality or substance;
Although can be reliably known by individual, not reliably known by others;
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