Berkeley Index |
Notes |
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See Balance |
Distinct SpacesSimilarity - DifferenceHomogenizing Differentiating Separating Boundries Categorizing Roles, Duties Committing Periods of Time Rooms, House Traps, Holes, Stuck Places Existence-Non Existence
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Forces Associated With LocationsHunger, ThirstExitement, Stimulation Emotions Harm Limiting, Constricting Rules governing where, how one may move
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Being in More Than One LocationIn 2 or more locations simultaneously.In 2 or more aspects of self. In location nested withing other location. Locations (or rules within each) may not be harmonious. Where are locations relative to each other? to previous or next location? to destination?
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For example, if a client says, "I am very angry about this", or "She is untrustworthy", or "I have no respect for him," -- we might hypothesize that this is a statement about Location. That is, the speaker is using a Location metaphor or, put another way, the speaker is metaphorically understanding himself or the object of the sentence as located somewhere in a space that has characteristics like physical space. "I am very angry about this": The Metaphor Clusters can help by locating anger as a psychological state. A close cousin to this is a stage, so a clarifying question might be, "Is this anger going to lead to something else?", or "What will you do next after becoming so angry?" A more distant cousin is Spaces, which suggests questions such as "Are you inside the anger, or is it inside you?", or "What separates you now from fury or from being highly motivated?"
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DrillHave you ever been in a hole? In a box? In a projectile? In a corner?Are you restricted? As to space for movement? As to how you must enter or leave? As to what you can sense is happening outside versus inside? Are you safer or in more danger? Are things better organized or more chaotic?
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Container AttributesBounded AreaShape, Content Covering Containing, Holding Including - Excluding Inside - Outside Being In, Out Deep-Shallow Permeable-Impermeable Open - Closed Spacious - Close Tight - Loose Openings, Transparency
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StatesStages, StationsConditions Physical States Emotional States Psychological States Developmental Levels
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See Structuring |
Locating/Containing |
See Moving/Locomotion |
Fixed LocationStanding - SittingPositions, Stances Poses In a Particular Place Coordinates Rank Column & Row
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ConnectingAttachingSolidifying Holding Together Sequential - Parallel Linking
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Locating/ContainingLocations: Is he/she/it (Affected Entity or party) moved or changed into a new spot? A different state? A point of view or vantage point? Is he/she/it now separated or distinguished from something or someone else?Locations are often conceptualized metaphorically as Containers (bounded two- or three-dimensional spaces); containers have insides and outsides, have certain things, characteristics, dynamics inside as distinct from others outside, the "walls" of the container may be strong, weak, have windows, doors, etc., containers may be light, dark, deep, shallow, spacious, restricted, etc. Moving fom one location to another can constitute a journey (i.e., a journey is metaphorically understood as moving from one location to another). There may be intermediate locations along the way. The starting location is the origin (a "reason" [cf. McWhirter]for the journey may be metaphorically understood in terms of the starting location). The final location is the destination ("purpose" of the journey may be metaphorically understood as being in the final location). Time may also be metaphorically understood as being located in a series of consecutive locations. The experience of continuity of time is an ordered, perhaps equidistant sequence of locations (through time). That of "different" times, before and after could be locations of unknown or irregular distance from each other, but in distinct directions relative to each other (between time). The experience of something having happened, with a beginning and end, but with no location relative to other events could be of unknown location (in time). Locations often have forces or rules that are simply part of them -- indiginous to the space, location or container. They may be described as states of need, comfort/discomfort, limits/freedoms, requirements (rules) -- almost any force, energy, pressure affecting the occupants of the space. This may include hunger, thirst, excitement, suppression... The classic conceptual metaphor is "external force" -- "external" to the individual (eminating from the space) -- often experienced as an object pushing, blocking, sucking, covering, obscuring, etc. Examples: "His state of mind pushed him to act out." "They were depressed by the scene before them." "Anger drowned out rational thought." "She stepped out into freedom." "Just thinking of that made me tired."
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Relative LocationWhere - WhenSomewhere Certain Places On The Map Along the Way Once Several Times Continuing Before - After Close - Distant Near - Far Superior - Inferior Hi priority - low Proximal - Distal
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OrientationTurning, FacingUp - Down Left - Right Direction NESW Back - Front In Front of In Back of Backwards - Forwards Above - Below Raising - Lowering Over - Under Nearer - Further Previous - Next
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Condition
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Superior-Inferior
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State
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When
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Stage
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Objects
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Where"Where" (in a Target Domain) is metapahorically understood as a point or location in two- or three-dimensional space.
Somewhere is an unknown location
Once is an unknown location on the part of the time line known as "before" .
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Position"Position" (in the Target Domain) is metaphorically understood as a location that contains or supports an entity (object, person, animal, thing, etc.)
Stand is a location relative to (unnamed) other entities capable of containing or supporting a standing person (perhaps ready to defend).
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LocationA location is a bounded region in space. Strictly speaking, a location is not an object, but only a region in space. As soon as properties are attributed to a location, it becomes an object -- usually a container of some sort.Time is metaphorically understood as a series of points or locations along a spatial continuum or line.
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Container
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Events
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Located
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Contained
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Locating
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Containing
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Past Events
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